Dry ice, Iodine, Naphthalene, Camphor, Benzoic acid, Anthracene, Phenanthrene, Pyrene, Chrysene, Benzopyrene, and Dibenzanthracene are a few examples of sublimation.
Examples of Sublimation
Here are a few examples of sublimation:
1. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)
Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide. It has a sublimation temperature of -78.5 °C (-109.3 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, dry ice will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Dry ice is used in a variety of applications, including food preservation, medical procedures, and special effects.
2. Iodine
Iodine is a non-metal element that has a sublimation temperature of 113.7 °C (236.7 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, iodine will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Iodine is used in a variety of applications, including photography, medicine, and water purification.
3. Naphthalene (mothballs)
Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 80.3 °C (176.7 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, naphthalene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Naphthalene is used in mothballs to prevent moths from damaging clothes and fabrics.
4. Camphor
Camphor is a terpene that has a sublimation temperature of 178.4 °C (353.1 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, camphor will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Camphor is used in a variety of applications, including insect repellent, medicine, and aromatherapy.
5. Benzoic acid
Benzoic acid is an organic acid that has a sublimation temperature of 249.2 °C (480.6 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, benzoic acid will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Benzoic acid is used in a variety of applications, including food preservation, medicine, and the production of plastics and other materials.
6. Anthracene
Anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 217.4 °C (423.3 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, anthracene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Anthracene is used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals.
7. Phenanthrene
Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 101.0 °C (213.8 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, phenanthrene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Phenanthrene is used in the production of dyes, plastics, and other chemicals.
8. Pyrene
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 156.3 °C (313.3 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, pyrene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Pyrene is used in the production of dyes, plastics, and other chemicals.
9. Chrysene
Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 255.4 °C (491.7 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, chrysene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Chrysene is used in the production of dyes, plastics, and other chemicals.
10. Benzopyrene
Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 405.0 °C (761.0 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, benzo[a]pyrene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Benzo[a]pyrene is a known carcinogen and is found in cigarette smoke and other sources of air pollution.
11. Dibenzanthracene
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has a sublimation temperature of 495.0 °C (923.0 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, dibenz[a,h]anthracene will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene is a known carcinogen and is found in cigarette smoke and other sources of air pollution.
12. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has a sublimation temperature of 286.8 °C (548.2 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, HCB will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. HCB is a known carcinogen and is found in a variety of environmental sources, including soil, water, and air.
13. Lindane
Lindane is an organochlorine pesticide that has a sublimation temperature of 114.1 °C (237.4 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, lindane will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. Lindane is a known neurotoxin and is banned for use in many countries.
14. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)
DDT is an organochlorine pesticide that has a sublimation temperature of 113.9 °C (237.0 °F). At temperatures below its sublimation temperature, DDT will sublime directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state. DDT is a known carcinogen and is banned for use in many countries.
15. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
PCBs are a group of synthetic organic compounds that have sublimation temperatures ranging from 118.0 °C (244.4 °F) to 330.0 °C (626.0 °F). PCBs are known carcinogens and are found in a variety of environmental sources, including soil, water, and air.
